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Brar, Amardeep Singh
- Effect of Mulching, Spacing and Intercropping of Green Gram (Vigna radiate) on Growth, Yield and Quality of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 12, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 90-94Abstract
An experiment was conducted duringKharif season of 2011-12 to study the effect of mulching, spacing and intercropping of green gram (Vigna radiate) on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). The soil of experimental field was categorized as loamy-sand. The experiment was laid out in Randomized CompleteBlockDesign (RCBD) with four replications and eleven treatments. The results indicates the rate of increase in plant height was higher up to 120 days after planting, there after the plant height increasing rate slowed down. Maximum plant height 74.7 cm was observed in treatment T10 where inter row spacing of turmeric was 37.5 cm and mulch was applied as compared with other treatments. The number of tillers was maximum under turmeric + green gram intercropping systems with mulching at inter row spacing of 60 cm in turmeric crop. The data revealed that the sole turmeric with mulching treatment (T2) produced maximum fresh rhizome yield (210.0 q/ha), dry rhizome yield (63.1 q/ha) and processed yield (57.8 q/ha) as compared to other intercropping treatment combinations with or without mulch application. Turmeric intercropped with green gram (30 cm inter row spacing in turmeric) produced (205.9 q/ha) fresh rhizome yield closely followed by sole turmeric with mulching (210.0 q/ha). The curcumin content and oil content was not influenced by intercropping, spacing and mulching that is observed from experimental study. Turmeric intercropped with green gram at inter row spacing of 30 cm is a good option.Keywords
Turmeric, Green Gram, Mulching, Intercropping, Spacing.References
- Gill, B.S., Randhawa, R.S., Randhawa, G.S. and Singh, J. (1999). Response of turmeric to nitrogen in relation to application of farm yard manure and straw mulch. J. Spices & Aromatic Crops, 8:211-14.
- Junior, M.A., Borella, J.C., Franca, S.C. and Masca, M.G.C.C. (2005). Effects of type of rhizome used to proliferation and mulching on growth and productivity of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Revista Brasileira- de-plantas Med., 8:30-34.
- Kandiannan, K. and Chandaragir, K.K. (2006). Influence of varieties, dates of planting, spacing and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of turmeric. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 76 (7):432-434.
- Kumar, D., Pandey, V. and Nath, V. (2008). Effect of organic mulches on moisture conservation for rainfed turmeric production in Mango orchard. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 36(3):188-191.
- Manhas, S.S. (2009). Effect of different cultural practices on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Ph. D. Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, PUNJAB (INDIA).
- Manhas, S.S. and Gill, B.S. (2010). Effect of planting materials, mulch levels and farmyard manure on growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 80(6):501-506.
- Manhas, S.S., Gill, B.S., Khajuria, V. and Kumar, S. (2011). Effect of planting material. Mulch and farmyard manure on weed density, rhizome yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Indian J. Agron., 56(4):393-399.
- Mahfuza, S.N., Islam, M.N., Hannan, A., Akhteruzzaman, M. and Begum, S. (2012). Intercropping different vegetables and spices with pointed gourd. J. Exp. Biosci, 3 (1):77-82.
- Mohanty, D.C., Sharma, Y. . and Panda, B.S. (1991). Influence of mulch materials and ground covers on the yield of turmeric under rainfed condition in Orissa. Indian Cocoa, Arecanut & Spices J., 14:97-99.
- Sanyal, D. and Dhar, P.P. (2008). Effects of mulching, nitrogen and potassium levels on growth, yield and quality of turmeric grown in red lateritic soils. Acta Hort.,769:137-140.
- Sanwal, S.K., Laxminarayana, K., Yadav, R.K., Rai, N., Yadav, D.S. and Bhuyan, M. (2007). Effect of organic manures on soil fertility growth, physiology, yield and quality of turmeric. Indian J. Hort., 64 (4): 444-449.
- Silva, N.F., Sonnenberg, P.E. and Borges, J.D. (2004). Growth and production of turmeric as a result of mineral fertilizer and planting of density. Hort. Brasileria, 22:61-65.
- Singh, J. and Randhawa, G.S. (1988). Effect of intercropping and mulch on yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Acta Hort., 188 (A):186-188.
- Swain, S.C., Rath, S. and Ray, D.P. (2007). Effect of NPK levels and mulching on growth, yield and economics of turmeric in rainfed uplands. Orissa J. Hort., 35:58-60.
- Verma, A. and Sarnaik, D.A. (2006). Effect of different types of mulches on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Internat. J. Agric. Sci., 2(2):425-426.
- Yamgar, V.T., Shirke, M.S. and Kamble, B.M. (2006).Studies on the feasible intercropping in turmeric cv. SALEM. Indian J. Arecanut, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 8:44-47.
- Anonymous (2012). Production and yield of turmeric in world. http//www.indiastat.com.
- Anonymous (2012). Production of turmeric in world. http// www.indiastat.com.
- Response of Brown Sarson (Brassica campestris var. Brown Sarson) to Integrated Nutrient Management in Mid Hill Conditions of Himachal Pradesh
Abstract Views :237 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 12, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 319-325Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2011-12 at the experimental farm of Department of Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management CSKHPKV, Palampur Himachal Pradesh to study the "Response of brown sarson (Brassica campestris var. brown sarson) to integrated nutrient management in mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh". The treatments comprising of all possible combinations of three biofertilizers viz., Azotobacter, Azotobacter + PSB and no inoculation and four fertility levels viz., 100% RDF, FYM 5.0 t ha-1+ 50% RDF, Vermicompost 5.0 t ha-1+ 50% RDF and control were tested in Factorial Randomized Block Design, replicated three times. Significantly highest plant height was recorded with the application of Azotobacter + PSB over Azotobacter alone and no inoculation at 90, 120 DAS and at harvest. Among different fertility levels, application of 100 per cent RDF being statistically at par with vermicompost 5.0 t ha-1 + 50% RDF produced significantly taller plants as compared to other treatments. Results revealed that growth, yield attributes, seed and straw yields of brown sarson were significantly increased with the application of biofertilizers and different fertility levels over control. The treatment receiving Azotobacter + PSB significantly increased the seed and straw yields followed by Azotobacter and no inoculation. Effect of fertility levels on seed and straw yields showed that 100 per cent RDF resulted in significantly higher seed and straw yield as compared to other fertility levels and control treatment. However, 100 per cent RDF treatment remained at par with vermicompost 5.0 t ha-1 + 50% RDF. The application of biofertilizers and fertility levels could not exhibit any significant effect on harvest index. The increase in seed yield with Azotobacter + PSB was 20.3% over Azotobacter alone.Keywords
Bio-Fertilizer, Rapeseed, Siliqua, Vermicompost, Treatment, Straw Yield.References
- AICRP (Rapeseed-mustard) (2010). Annual Progress Report. Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, RAJASTHAN, INDIA.
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- AOAC (1970). Official methods of analysis of the association of official agricultural chemists, 221.
- Gayathri, H.N., Jayaprasad, K.V. and Narayanaswamy, P.
- (2004). Response of biofertilizers and their combined application with different levels of inorganic fertilizers in statice (Limonium caspia). J. Ornamental Horti., 7 (1): 70-74
- Hegde, D.M. and Sudhakara Babu, S.N.S. (2004). Balanced fertilization for nutritional quality in oilseeds. Fertilizer News, 49(4) : 57-62 and 65-66.
- Jackson, M.L. (1967). Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall of India Ltd. NEW DELHI, INDIA.
- Kabeeranthuma, S., Kumar, M.C.R., Nair, G.M. and Nair, P.G. (1993). Effect of continuous cropping of cassava with organics and inorganics on secondary and micronutrient element status of ultisol. Indian J. Soil Sci., 41(6) : 713-716.
- Narula, N., Gupta, P.P., Kumar, P.R. and Lakshminarayana, K. (1993). Field response of Indian mustard Brassica juncea to inoculation of soil isolates and analogue resistant mutants of Azotobacter chroococcum. Ann. Biol., 9(1) : 144-148.
- Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanbe, F.S. and Dean, L.A. (1954). In: Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. United States Department of Agriculture Circulation, 939 : 1923.
- Pal, Y., Singh, R.P., Sachan, R.S. and Pandey, P.C. (2008). Effect of integrated nutrient management practices on yield, nutrient uptake and economics of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) grown in rice-mustard cropping system. Pantnagar J. Res., 6(2) : 199-204.
- Piper, C.S. (1966). Soil and plant analysis (Asia Edition), Hans Publishers, Bombay, M.S. (INDIA).
- Saha, R., Mishra, V.K., Majumdar, B., Laxminarayana, K. and Ghosh, P.K. (2010). Effect of integrated nutrient management on soil physical properties and crop productivity under a maize (Zea mays)-mustard (Brassica campestris) cropping sequence in acidic soils of North East India. Communications in Soil Sci. & Plant Anal., 41:2187-2200.
- Sankar, G., Verma, L.P. and Singh, R. (2002). Effect of integrated nutrient management on yield and quality of Indian mustard and properties of soil. Indian J. Agril. Sci., 72(9): 551-552.
- Shekhawat, K., Rathore, S.S., Premi, O.P., Kandpal, B.K. and Chauhan, J.S. (2012). Advances in agronomic management of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cosson): An overview. (Special Issue: Oilseeds crops: Agronomy, science, and technology.). Internat. J. Agron., 14 p.
- Shukla, R.K., Kumar, A., Mahapatra, B.S. and Kandpal, B. (2002). Integrated nutrient management practices in relation to morphological and physiological determinants of seed yield in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). Indian J. Agril. Sci., 72(11) : 670-672.
- Singh, R.P., Pal, Y. and Singh, H. (2011). Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on growth, yield and quality of Indian mustard (B. juncea L.) under late sown condition. Pantnagar J. Res., 9(2) : 308-310.
- Subbiah, B.V. and Asija, G.L. (1956). A rapid procedure for estimation of available nitrogen in soils. Curr. Sci., 25 : 259-260.
- Tripathi, M.K., Chaturvedi, S., Shukla, D.K. and Mahapatra, B.S. (2010). Yield performance and quality in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) as affected by integrated nutrient management. Indian J. Agron., 55(2) : 138-142
- Performance of Capsicum Hybrid Mekong under Different Plant Spacing and Fertigation Schedules
Abstract Views :200 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science, C.S.K. Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur (H.P.), IN
1 Department of Vegetable Science, C.S.K. Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur (H.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol 11, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 337-339Abstract
A field experiment was conducted using treatments, viz., spacing (S1 = 60 cm × 30 cm, S2 = 45 cm × 30 cm) and fertigation (F1 = fertigation twice a week @ 2g NPK (19:19:19)/m2 and F2 = fertigation thrice a week @ 2g NPK (19:19:19)/m2) in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications under polyhouse conditions. One month old seedlings of hybrid Mekong were transplanted at the above spacing and fertigation was applied three weeks after transplanting and was applied @ 2g/m2 area twice and thrice a week NPK, respectively through water soluble fertilizer (19:19:19). Fertigation was stopped fifteen days prior to final harvesting of fruits. Treatment comprising spacing of 60 cm × 30 cm and fertilized thrice a week was significantly superior to other treatments with regard to plant height, average fruit weight, fruit length, yield per plant and yield per square meter.Keywords
Capsicum, Hybrid Mekong, Fertigation Schedules, NPK.References
- Aliyu, L. and Yusuf, Y. (1991). Response of two chilli pepper (Capsicum fruitscens) varieties to intra row spacing and nitrogen levels. Capsicum Newsletter, 10: 43-44.
- Dobromilska, R. (2000). The effect of the planting method and plant spacing on the growth, yield and biological value of sweet peeper cv. MAYATA F1. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie Skodowska Sectio EEE, Horticultura, 8: 333-339.
- Gowde, M.K.H., Havanagi, G.V. and Prasad, T.R.G. (1990). Effect of spacing and plant density on yield and quality of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Punjab Hort. J., 39 : 1-4.
- Jan, N.E., Khan, I.A., Khan, N.A. and Sher, A. (2006). Growth and yield of tomato as affected by different doses of nitrogen and phosphorus in light textured soil of Juglote, Northern areas of Pakistan. Sarhad J. Agric., 22 (1): 93-97.
- Maya, P., Natrajan, S. and Thamburaj, S. (1997). Effect of spacing, N and P on growth and yield of sweet pepper cv. California Wonder. South Indian Hort., 45(1-2): 16-18.
- Metwally, A.M., Abdin, A.Z. and Kastour, S. (1982). The effect of population density on the yield and quality of bell pepper. Agric. Res. Rev., 60 (3): 165-180.
- Mishrinky, J.F. and Alphonse, M. (1994). Effect of nitrogen and plant spacing on growth, yield and fruit mineral composition of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Bull. Facul. Agric. Univ. Cairo, 45 (2) : 413-431.
- Shabnam, A., Sher, M. and Hummayun, K. (2004). Effect of row spacings and cultivars on the yield and yield components of chillies. Sarhad J.Agric.,20(1):16-20.
- Yield and Economics of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Influenced by Mulching, Spacing and Intercropping with Green Gram (Vigna radiata)
Abstract Views :239 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda (Punjab), IN
2 Government Brijindra College, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda (Punjab), IN
2 Government Brijindra College, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
Source
International Research Journal of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, Vol 7, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 153-158Abstract
An experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2011-12 to study from results concluded that maximum fresh rhizome yield of 210.0 q/ha obtained where turmeric sown as sole (T2) and it was at par with T11 where green gram was intercropped. The maximum net return (Rs. 1,46,942) per hectare was obtained in T11 (30 cm inter row spacing) and it was followed by T10 (Rs. 1,16,080) when turmeric and green gram (37.5 cm inter row spacing in turmeric) intercropping with mulching. Mulching produced higher net return Rs. 1, 25,125 in turmeric sole with mulching as compared with Rs. 1,08,720 in turmeric sole without mulching. Highest B:C ratio 3.91 obtained in (T2) turmeric sole with mulching than (T1) turmeric sole without mulching. B:C ratio 3.44 obtained in T11 (where green gram was sown in between turmeric rows) and it was closely followed the 3.91 and 3.58 with and without mulching. Mulching increase the B:C ratio as compared to unmulched treatment. Higher turmeric equivalent yield (253.3 q ha-1) obtained in T11 (where intercropping of green gram in between turmeric rows at 30 cm inter row spacing). Mulch application increases the land equivalent ratio as compared to without mulching. Higher LER (2.0) was obtained in T11 (where 30 cm inter row spacing in turmeric) and it was followed by T9, T7, T8, T10, T5, T6, T3, T4, T2 treatments.Keywords
Turmeric, Mulching, Economics, B:C Ratio, Returns.References
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- Kandiannan, K. and Chandaragir, K.K. (2006). Influence of varieties, dates of planting, spacing and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of turmeric. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 76 (7) : 432-434.
- Kapoor, L.D. (1990).Handbook of ayurvedic medicinal plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 185.
- Kuttan, R., Bhanumathy, P., Nirmala, K. and George, M.C. (1985). Potential anticancer activity of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Cancer Lett., 29 : 197-202.
- Mahfuza, S.N., Islam, M.N., Hannan, A., Akhteruzzaman, M. and Begum, S. (2012). Intercropping different vegetables and spices with pointed gourd. J. Expt. Biosci., 3 (1): 77-82.
- Manhas, S.S., Gill, B.S., Khajuria, V. and Kumar, S. (2011). Effect of planting material. Mulch and farmyard manure on weed density, rhizome yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Indian J. Agron., 56 (4) : 393-399.
- Moghe, S.M., Zakiuddin, K.S. and Arajpure, V.G. (2012). Design and development of turmeric polishing machine. Internat. J. Engg. Res., 2 (6): 4710-4713.
- Sanyal, D. and Dhar, P.P. (2008). Effects of mulching, nitrogen and potassium levels on growth, yield and quality of turmeric grown in red lateritic soils. Acta Hort.,769 : 137-140.
- Silva, N.F., Sonnenberg, P.E. and Borges, J.D. (2004). Growth and production of turmeric as a result of mineral fertilizer and planting of density. Hort. Brasileria, 22:61-65.
- Singh, J. (1983). The effect of N, P, K and intercropping on the growth, yield and quality of turmeric. Ph.D. Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, PUNJAB (INDIA).
- Singh, R.P. and Jain, D.A. (2012). Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of curcuminoids isolated from turmeric. Internat. J. Pharm. & Life Sci., 3 : 1368-1376.
- Tiwari, B. K. and Agrawal, G. P. (2012). Turmeric: A wonder drug in ayurvedic era. World J. Pharm. & Pharmaceut. Sci., 1 (1): 161-81.
- Yamgar, V. T., Shirke, M.S. and Kamble, B. M. (2006). Studies on the feasible intercropping in turmeric cv. SALEM. Indian J. Arecanut, Spices & Med. Plants 8 : 44-47.
- Anonymous (2012). Production and yield of turmeric in world.
- http//www.indiastat.com.
- Singh, V. (2012). Prices crash, turmeric growers in the red, Culled from www.tribuneindia.com.